Austria

There is a black eagle on the modern arms of Austria – the ancient symbol of Austrian knights. It reminded about the time when the Austria became an independent state from neighbouing  germen region. It happened in the second part of XII century and finally was consolidated at the Act of putting up of former earldom to Austrian Dukedom. The first image of black eagle appeared on the seal of Genrih II Babengerg one of the first of Austrian Dukes. At the same time the Vien became the capital of Austrian lands.

This state is situated in the central part of Europe. It borders on Czech in the north, Slovakia – in the north-east, Hungary – in the east, Slovenia, Italy and Switzerland - in the south, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Germany – in the west. Mainly Austria is the mountain country: average level is about 900 m, the biggest part of Austria occupied by the Eastern Alps which are divided into the Alps of Northern Tirol and Zaltsburg Alps in the north; Cillertal and Carnicksky Alps in the south. The highest point is the Moutnain Grossglockner (3797 m) and there is one of the biggest glacier in Europe – Pasterse. 
 
The Austrian lands were conquered by Romans from the Celts in the 15th year BC. The territory was included to the Empire of Great Karl in 788. The Gabsburgs House began to rule in XIV century whose managing was connected with prime of Austrian State but Austrian Archdukes had borne the title of emperor of Saint Rome Empire . After the Second World War Austria has temporary lost its independence because it was divided into four occupying zones between  France, USA, Great Britain and USSR. The negotiations about independence reconstruction began in 1947 and in May 1955 Austria became completely an independent state.
The state is a member of  UNO and all the other specialized agencies of this organization, European Association of Free Trade and  Eurounion.